One hertz is one cycle per second, meaning repeating cycle as an event. For example, hertz is applied physics measuring the number of times for a second wave (either acoustic or electromagnetic) is repeated or can be applied, among other uses, to ocean waves that reach the Beach vibrations per second or a solid. The quantity that measures the frequency hertz is called,in this regard, the inverse of the period. One hertz is an oscillation frequency of suffering a particle over a period of one second.

The PLC is a system to connect the Ethernet network using the common electrical cable into any home or office. Take the electric network into a digital network that transmits data at almost the same speed as if a network cable is connected. It is a technology that is catching many followers by ease of installation, as between the two PLC is not necessary to use any network cable. The PLC systemHomePlug connects two, where one of them is connected by a cable to the network and the other is connected to a computer or other device via the network cable. The PLC converters transmitted in range of medium and high frequents. Asymmetric speed can reach 2.7 Mbit/s.

When we talk about RJ45 ("Registered Jack" 45) we refer to a telecommunications network interface for wired connection of voice and data equipment.

This connector has 8 pins or connections and may have a specific category depending on the data transfer speed and bandwidth (category 5e, 6, etc.)

The common application is their use in Ethernet network cables under TIA/EIA-568-B standard that defines the arrangement of pins (pinout), but can also be used for other applications.

- Direct pin diagram:

EIA-568A
Pin No.1: WHITE-GREEN
Pin No.2: GREEN
Pin No.3: WHITE-ORANGE
Pin No.4: BLUE
Pin No.5: WHITE-BLUE
Pin No.6: ORANGE
Pin No.7: WHITE-BROWN
Pin No.8: BROWN

EIA-568B
Pin No.1: WHITE-ORANGE
Pin No.2: ORANGE
Pin No.3: WHITE-GREEN
Pin No.4: BLUE
Pin No.5: WHITE-BLUE
Pin No.6: GREEN
Pin No.7: WHITE-BROWN
Pin No.8: BROWN

- Schematic of crossed pins:

The crossover cable has one end with EIA-568A scheme and the other one with EIA-568B.

The Wifi technology is a wireless communication mechanism between devices. This technology allows you to connect devices such as computers, laptops, mobile etc... to the Internet or communicate with the devices themselves.

Applications can be several, among the most common are the access points, ideal for giving and sharing a connection signal to multiple devices. It is the typical configuration of a home user.
Repeater, ideal to repeat and amplify weak signal.

The power and range between devices basically depends on the antenna and its hardware.

The wireless signals work under a unified standard regulations, the standard that is based on the IEEE 802.11. These include IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g and IEEE 802.11n working at 11 Mbit/s, 54 Mbit/s and 300 Mbit/s, respectively.
Being any device with a standardized protocol such technology can connect to another using the same technology, making it a kind of universal connection.

The wireless networks are characterized by the ease and convenience of making connections in infrastructure, since it is not necessary to perform network cable installations.
it also allows connecting a lot of devices to a single node.

Depending on the quality and type, network cables are classified into categories that help us know the characteristics of them.

The categories of network cables most commonly used are:

- Category 5
- Category 5e
- Category 6
- Category 6
- Category 7

As can be seen, category 5e (enhanced or improved) and category 6A (Augmented), are an improvement of categories 5and 6, respectively, which it has improved the top speed and bandwidth.

The higher the category, the higher the speed of maximum data, the maximum 100 meters distance as its standard.

You can see a table which shows the 5 categories, where V is the maximum velocity, D is the maximum and MHz frequency which can work away.