The impedance (Z) is a measure of opposition that a circuit to a current when a voltage is applied. The impedance extends the concept of resistance circuits alternating current (AC), and has both magnitude and phase, unlike resistance, which has only magnitude. When a circuit is powered with direct current (DC), there is no distinction between the impedance and resistance; the latter can be thought csa impedance with zero phase angle.

The dBi isotropic or decibel is a unit for measuring the gain of an antenna in reference to a theoretical isotropic antenna. The value dBi corresponds to the gain of an ideal antenna (theoretical) radiating the received power of a device to which it is connected, and which also transmits the signals received from space without regard either external or additional gains or losses powers.

The Wifi technology is a wireless communication mechanism between devices. This technology allows you to connect devices such as computers, laptops, mobile etc... to the Internet or communicate with the devices themselves.

Applications can be several, among the most common are the access points, ideal for giving and sharing a connection signal to multiple devices. It is the typical configuration of a home user.
Repeater, ideal to repeat and amplify weak signal.

The power and range between devices basically depends on the antenna and its hardware.

The wireless signals work under a unified standard regulations, the standard that is based on the IEEE 802.11. These include IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g and IEEE 802.11n working at 11 Mbit/s, 54 Mbit/s and 300 Mbit/s, respectively.
Being any device with a standardized protocol such technology can connect to another using the same technology, making it a kind of universal connection.

The wireless networks are characterized by the ease and convenience of making connections in infrastructure, since it is not necessary to perform network cable installations.
it also allows connecting a lot of devices to a single node.