The lumen (symbol: lm) is the unit of the International System of Units to measure the luminous flux, a measure of the light power emitted by the source. The luminous flux of radiant flux difference that the former provides the variable sensitivity of the eye to different wavelengths of light and the latter involves all electromagnetic radiation emitted by the source according Wien law and Stefan-Boltzmann regardless of whether such radiation is visible or not. 1 lm = 1 cd. sr = 1 lx. m2

Surface mount technology, better known by its acronym SMD (Surface Mount Device) is the method of construction of electronic devices most currently used. It is used for both active and passive components, and is based on the assembly thereof SMC (Surface Mount Component English) on the surface of the printed circuit. In the case of SMD LED technology is the differently constructedon the plate makes SMD LED and have a physical difference.

IP65 Although it seems very complicated nomenclature IP standards is only one division in two digits, where each digit indicates that it is being served to meet these regulations. For the first digit would be: 0 No protection 1 element to be used for testing (sphere 50 mm in diameter) should not get to go completely. 2 element to be used for the test (area of ??12.5 mm diameter) should not get to go completely. 3 element to be used for testing (sphere 2.5 mm in diameter) must not come at all. 4 element to be used for the test (sphere of 1 mm in diameter) must not come at all. 5 ingress of dust can not be avoided, but it must not enter an amount that interferes with the proper functioning of equipment. 6 polvo should not come under any circumstances in the case of the second digit: Level Protection Against Expected Results Test Method 0 The water enters the equipment quickly. 1 The equipment is placed in their usual work. Should not enter the water when it is dropped from 200 mm height from the team for 10 minutes (at a rate of 3-5 mm³ per minute) 2, the equipment is put into lugar normal work. You should not enter the water when the leaves fall, for 10 minutes (at a rate of 3-5 mm³ per minute). This test should be performed four times at a rate of one for every 15 ° rotation both vertically and horizontally, starting each time the normal position. 3 The equipment is placed in their usual work. You should not enter the water spray at an angle up to 60 ° right and leftvertically to an average of 10 liters per minute and a pressure of 80-100kN/m for a time not less than 5 minutes. 4 The equipment is placed in their usual work. You should not enter the water thrown from any angle to an average of 10 liters per minute and a pressure of 80-100kN/m for a time not less than 5 minutes. 5 The equipment is placed in their usual work. Should not enter waterthrown jet (from any angle) by means of a nozzle 6.3 mm in diameter, at an average of 12.5 liters per minute and a pressure of 30 kN/m for a time not less than 3 minutes and a no closer than 3 meters. 6 The equipment is placed in their usual work. You should not enter water squirted (from any angle) through a nozzle diameter of 12.5 mm, an average of 100 liters per minute and a pressure of 100 kN/m² for at least three minutes at a distance of not less than 3 meters. 7 The object must endure without any filtration complete immersion in 1 meter for 30 minutes. 8 electrical/electronic equipment must withstand (without filtration) complete and continuous immersion depth and during the time specified by the manufacturer of the product with the agreement ofclient, but provided they are more severe than those specified for the value 7. For IP65 should meet the following standard conditions. Would hold cirscuntancias be dusty and prevent to enter under any cirscuntacia, and bear no powerful jets of water.

Photovoltaic energy is produced by solar radiation using devices called photovoltaic cells. It is ideal for supplying all kinds of isolated houses, shelters, but also can be used to supply electricity on a large scale. We show the operating principle "In a semiconductor exposed to light, a photon of energy starts an electron, creating both a" gap "in the atom excitador. Normally, the electron quickly finds another hole to refill it, and the energy provided by the photon thus dissipates as heat. The principle of a photovoltaic cell is to force the electrons and holes to move towards the opposite side of the material rather than simply recombine in it: thus, there will be a potential difference and thus tension between the two sides of the material,as in a stack "The first ground application of a commercial installation of photovoltaic cell was developed in Japan in 1966. In the picture: 1 - PV Modules 2 - Regulation and Control 3 - Battery 4 - Inverter to power.... 220V

hen we talk about IP code (International Protection) we talk about an international standard (IEC 60529) which classifies the protection against external factors, solid or liquid, that has a component or electronic device; LED strips, controllers, meters, security cameras, etc.

This alpha-numerically standard has been designed to sort different levels of protection. Nomenclature starts with IP followed by two numeric values.

- Example IP68:

The first value ranges from 0 to 6 and indicates the protection against solid agents. In this case, strong protection against dust.

The second value is between 0 and 8 and indicates the protection against liquid agents. In this case the complete and prolonged immersion during the time specified by the manufacturer.

We could say that the larger the number is greater IP protection has a device.

In below table, we can see different IP protections levels available.

IPXX	First digit (IPxx)	Second digit (IPxx)
0	Unprotected.	Unprotected.
1	Protection against objects of> 50 mm diameter.	Protection against vertically dripping water.
2	Protection against objects of> 12.5 mm diameter.	Protection against inclined drip water up to 15°.
3	Protection against objects of> 2 mm in diameter.	Protection against water projected from any direction, up to 60°.
4	Protection against objects of> 1 mm in diameter.	Protection against splashing water any direction.
5	Ingress of dust is not entirely revented, but it must not enter in sufficient quantity to interfere with the satisfactory operation of the equipment .	Protection against water jets.
6	Dust tight.	Protection against strong jets of water.
7		Protection against complete immersion up to 1 meter for 30 minutes.
8		Protection against complete and prolonged immersion.

The SMD LED is an LED module that uses a surface mount technology to place a diode on the surface of a printed circuit and encapsulated on a semi-rigid resin. Typically used for lighting all types, since its opening angle can be 360° and LEDs, being very small, they can be distributed throughout the bulb. Ideal for decoration lighting in homes or places of transit dondand they will not be on continuously. It is also often used in automotive interior lighting. Each LED SMD chip is identified by a 4-digit number. This code identifies the size of the LED chip, the first two digits indicate the height and width the next two, in millimeters. For example, the dimensions of a LED 5050SMD are 5.0 x 5.0 mm. There is an exception, 3528SMD LED chip is also knownon how 1210SMD, with dimensions 3.5 x 2.8 mm.

When calculating the life of a battery it will be necessary to know the number of charge cycles that can be performed until the battery does not begin to lose its capacity.
Depending on the type of battery these charging cycles can vary, the most common being the mobile batteries, manufactured Li-Ion or Li-Po, which have a duration of between 300 and 500 charging cycles according to model and manufacturer.
Once thisE limit we will notice how the battery loses duration of operation, arriving to lose up to 25% of its capacity of load.
At this point it will be necessary to evaluate a battery change.
It should be noted that usage and charging habits can significantly affect battery life. For example, factors such as heat, charge the battery several times a day without it is almost exhausted, etc. Will be affectedits duration.
Therefore, to get the most out of the battery we must know when a full charge cycle is performed, and try to avoid misuse of charge, to increase its useful life.
A charging cycle is considered when the battery has been discharged or its 100% charge has been used.
The manufacturers advise that the charge is never made below the 58% battery, since the battery voltage would not fall so lowTo, so you could end up winning up to 4000 charge cycles.
Tips to increase the life of a battery.

• Avoid extreme heat or cold or very long applications of the device.
• Charge the battery as often as you can.
• Fully discharge the battery from time to time.
• Do not let the battery run out completely before charging.

Below is a table with theDifferent voltages (V), charge cycles (C) and battery percentage (B).

Li-Ion or Lithium batteries are one of the most common batteries used today.
We can find this type of batteries in mobile phones, wireless headphones, SAIS, smart watches, cars etc.

Lithium is a very light metal capable of generating ions easily so it is ideal for the manufacture of batteries.

Unlike other types of batteries are a bit more expensive, but acThey are much smaller and lighter, capable of doubling the duration of a Ni-Cd.

Thanks to their composition can be manufactured in different ways, adapting to the device where they should be located, as well as its low memory effect makes them ideal for any type of device.

Summing up their positive points:

• Easy to find
• Many different sizes and shapes
• Small size

The SMD led (surface mounted device) refers to how the LEDs are mounted on a board. This type of LEDs have a resin encapsulation on their surface. It does not reach the same performance as a COB LED and is usually used in less demanding luminaires due to its low heat dissipation, the main problem in this type of LEDs.

Its light is unidirectional, creating an angle of illumination is 360º to difof a COB LED. By not having any type of filament this type of LED is very durable and resistant to shock.
They are the typical LEDs that we can find in a strip of LEDs for decoration, we can find according to your design, a single LED that will emit white light or according to your distribution you can find 3 LEDs that emit the different primary colors that in combination will show different .

Your performanceIt is usually 60 to 70 lumens per watt.

Within the SMD LEDS range we can find those that work at 220v and those that work at 12/24v.
Its nomenclature is of type SMD5050, SMD3528 and SMD3014 etc. where the figures indicate the size of the led, for example a led SMD5050 will have a size of 5x5.0mm